Cataracts are more or less an inevitable part of aging. That cloudy haze forming in the lens of your eye as you get older? Entirely normal. Fortunately, cataracts can be fairly easily resolved through surgery. But if the idea of cataract surgery is less than appealing (and absolutely no shame if it is), you may be interested to know that there are a few non-surgical steps you can consider that may be able to delay cataract development.
- Eat a diet high in antioxidants
An age-related cataract, the most common form, is thought to be caused by oxidative stress and damage to the protein fibers of the lens, disrupting their transparent qualities. Vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, lutein, and zeaxanthin are powerful antioxidants that can provide a protective benefit not only for cataracts but other various eye diseases, too, such as age-related macular degeneration. Fruit and vegetables rich in these compounds include bell peppers, citrus, kale, peanuts, green leafy vegetables, pistachios, egg yolk, and sweet corn.
- Reduce your salt intake
Several studies have found an association between high sodium intake and a significantly higher risk of cataracts. Choosing low sodium options where possible and going easy on that saltshaker may not only reduce your risk of developing cataracts but can also help to manage your blood pressure and the related health problems of hypertension.
- Protect your eyes from UV
Ultraviolet radiation is known to induce oxidative damage, which not only accelerates cataract formation but puts you at risk of other UV-related conditions including melanomas and carcinomas around the eye. Wear shades that conform to the standards required of sunglasses in the US: at least 99% of UVA and UVA radiation blocked out by the lenses. You will also get better protection from larger frames, and those that wrap around your face slightly, as well as wearing a hat.
- Reconsider alcohol and tobacco
Both excessive alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking increase oxidative damage in the eye and the likelihood that you’ll develop cataracts at a younger age. Smoking has also been linked to an increased risk of various other eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma.
- Keep an eye on your general health and medications
Certain systemic diseases such as diabetes, and medications such as corticosteroids, have been well-established as risk factors for cataract development and progression. Keeping your blood sugar levels under tight management can help to reduce that risk. And if you are concerned about the effect of your medications on cataracts, talk with your doctor rather than ceasing or adjusting your medications by yourself.
- Stop aging
Just kidding (but really, if you could do that then many problems would be solved, and not in the least, cataracts!).
Get an Eye Test
Scheduling regular visits to your eye doctor or optometrist will help to identify cataracts early. But even if your doctor does mention that you have or are prone to cataracts, cataract surgery could still be years – even decades – away from being a necessity. In most cases, a cataract operation is only needed when and if those cataracts start to interfere with your daily activities, which can often be a matter of personal opinion. In the meantime, considering those tips above can help to postpone the development of cataracts and slow their inevitable onward march.